HIV/AIDS, HBsAg, Hepatitis C and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) As name implies these are conditions transmitted due to unprotected sexual exposure and multiple sex partners. These mainly include HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), Syphilis, Chlamydia, Genital herpes, Gonorrhea, Hepatitis B, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). Infectious diseases specialists are trained in various aspects of diagnosing, treating and prevention of these conditions. Especially HIV which requires lifelong follow up and can be associated with multisystem complications, and other opportunistic infections. These conditions when affecting a pregnant female can be transmitted to the unborn child. It is very imperative to seek immediate expert care in such conditions to prevent further complications.