Herpes Genital Infections Specialist Doctor in Mumbai Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in Marine lines Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in Charni Road Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in grant road Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in Mahalaxmi Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in Lower Parel Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in Prabhadevi Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in Mumbai Central Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in Dadar Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in bandra Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in andheri Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in borivali Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in dahisar Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in Mira Road Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in Bhayandar Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in Vasai Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in Nallasopara Herpes Genital Infections Doctor in Virar Genital herpes is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide, affecting millions of people and often going unnoticed. Caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), it can lead to recurrent, painful sores and significant emotional distress. Despite its prevalence, many people are unaware they have it or don’t understand how it spreads. In this blog, we’ll explore the transmission, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of genital herpes to raise awareness and reduce stigma. What Causes Genital Herpes? Genital herpes is caused by two types of the herpes simplex virus: HSV-1: Traditionally causes cold sores on the mouth, but can also cause genital herpes through oral-genital contact. HSV-2: Primarily responsible for genital herpes and is more likely to recur and shed asymptomatically. Once a person is infected, the virus stays in the body for life, residing in nerve cells and occasionally reactivating. How Is Genital Herpes Transmitted? Genital herpes is highly contagious, especially during active outbreaks. However, it can also be transmitted when there are no visible symptoms. Modes of Transmission: 1. Vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected person. 2. Skin-to-skin contact with the infected area, even if no sores are present. 3. Oral-genital contact (especially with HSV-1). 4. Autoinoculation: Rare, but one can spread the virus to another part of their own body, like the eyes. 5. Mother-to-child transmission during childbirth if the mother has active lesions. Importantly, herpes can be transmitted even if the infected person does not know they have the virus. This is due to asymptomatic viral shedding. What Are the Symptoms of Genital Herpes? Symptoms can vary greatly. Some people have severe symptoms during their first outbreak, while others may never notice any signs. Typical Symptoms: – Painful blisters or ulcers on the genitals, anus, or surrounding areas. – Burning, itching, or tingling before the sores appear. – Swollen lymph nodes in the groin. – Fever, body aches, and headache, especially during the first outbreak. – Pain during urination. – Vaginal or urethral discharge in some cases. First vs. Recurrent Outbreaks: The first outbreak usually occurs 2–12 days after exposure and can last 2–4 weeks. Recurrent outbreaks are generally milder and shorter. They may be triggered by stress, illness, menstruation, or fatigue. Some individuals may have asymptomatic herpes, meaning they carry and can transmit the virus but never show symptoms. How Can Genital Herpes Be Prevented? Though there’s no vaccine yet for genital herpes, several strategies can significantly reduce the risk of transmission: 1. Use Condoms Correctly While condoms don’t provide 100% protection (as herpes can affect areas not covered), they greatly reduce the risk of transmission. 2. Avoid Sexual Contact During Outbreaks Refrain from any genital, anal, or oral sex when visible sores or early symptoms (like tingling) are present. 3. Regular STI Testing Both partners should get tested, especially if in a new relationship or planning unprotected sex. 4. Limit Number of Sexual Partners Fewer partners mean lower risk of contracting herpes or other STIs. 5. Use Antiviral Medication as Prevention Daily antiviral medications (like valacyclovir) can reduce the risk of transmission by up to 50%, especially in discordant couples (where one partner has herpes, the other does not). 6. Communication Open, honest conversations with sexual partners about STIs, protection, and testing go a long way in prevention. How Is Genital Herpes Treated? There is no cure for genital herpes, but antiviral medications can help control the infection, reduce symptoms, and lower transmission risk. Common Antiviral Medications: – Acyclovir – Valacyclovir – Famciclovir These can be taken: During an outbreak: To shorten the duration and severity. Daily (suppressive therapy): To reduce the frequency of recurrences and decrease transmission risk. Home Care Measures: 1. Keep the affected area clean and dry. 2. Wear loose-fitting clothing and cotton underwear. 3. Use pain relievers like ibuprofen for fever or discomfort. 4. Avoid touching sores and then touching your eyes, mouth, or genitals. For Pregnant Women: Special care is needed if a pregnant woman has herpes, especially near delivery. Antiviral prophylaxis is often given in the third trimester, and C-section may be recommended if active lesions are present at the time of labor to prevent neonatal herpes—a life threatening condition in newborns. Living with Genital Herpes: Emotional Support and Stigma Receiving a diagnosis of genital herpes can be emotionally challenging. Many people feel shame, guilt, or fear of rejection. However, it’s important to remember: – You’re not alone—millions of people globally live with herpes. – It is manageable with the right information and treatment. – You can have healthy relationships, a satisfying sex life, and children. – Consider joining support groups or seeking counseling if you’re struggling emotionally. Quick FAQs Q: Can I get herpes from a toilet seat or sharing towels? A: No. Herpes is not spread through inanimate objects or casual contact. Q: Can I donate blood if I have herpes? A: Yes, genital herpes does not disqualify you from donating blood. Q: Is there a vaccine for herpes? A: Currently, there is no approved vaccine for HSV, though clinical trials are ongoing. Q: Can I spread herpes when I don’t have symptoms? A: Yes. Asymptomatic shedding can still transmit the virus. Conclusion Genital herpes is a common, manageable STI that affects people of all ages and backgrounds. With proper knowledge about how it spreads, what symptoms to look for, and how to prevent and treat it, individuals can take control of their health and protect their partners. Reducing stigma and promoting open conversations around STIs is essential in improving sexual health for everyone. If you or someone you know suspects a herpes infection, don’t panic. Consult a healthcare provider, get tested, and take the right steps. Living with herpes doesn’t define you—it’s just one aspect of your health.